, . : - ; , , ; , , , . , 1759 , 1750 , , . [.: Robert B. Gordon, "Cost and Use of Water Power during Industrialization in New England and Great Britain: A Geological Interpretation", The Economic History Review, 2d Ser. 36, (May 1983): 240--259. 1869 30% . Nathan Rosenberg, Perspectives on Technology (London: Cambridge University Press, 1976), p. 177.] 1870 , , 1880 [Jeremy Atack, "Fact in Fiction? The Relative Costs of Steam and Water Power: A Simulation Approach", Explorations in Economic History 4 (October 1979): 409--437, table 1, 412]. , . . , , 1838 , , 1850 . 8917 . . 1838 7 518 . . 1850 , 39 579 . . 61 586 . . [A. J. Taylor, "Concentration and Specialisation in the Lancashire Cotton Industry, 1825--1850", Economic History Review 1, 2:115].